Bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1)

Description: Bafilomycin A1 (formerly known as NSC-381866; NSC381866; NSC 381866) is a novel, potent and selective inhibitor of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPases) with antibacterial activity. It inhibits vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPases) with IC50 of 0.44 nM. It is a macrolide antibiotic isolated from the Streptomyces species. The inhibitory effect of bafilomycin A1 on vacuolar ATPases was determined by testing its influence on H+-pumping activity. H+ translocation was completely inhibited by 10 nM bafilomycin A1. Other study has shown that bafilomycin A1 strongly inhibited the pit-forming activity of osteoclasts. The subcellular localization of V-ATPase in osteoclasts was been treated with or without bafilomycin A1 by immunoelectron microscopy. Bafilomycin A1 triggers proliferative potential of senescent cancer cells in vitro and in NOD/SCID mice. Bafilomycin A1 induces caspase-independent cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via targeting of autophagy and MAPK pathways.